Troubleshooting Disk ManagementThis lab discusses some common disk management procedures. You can use storagemedia such as CD-R, high capacity floppy, tape drive, DVD-R, or a secondaryhard drive. Windows has a backup utility that can be used to schedule backupsof your files.It is also a good practice to clean unnecessary files off your hard drive.Windows has a utility called Disk Cleanup that can delete some of thesefiles for you.You might also find it necessary to compress files to save hard drive space.Windows has a built-in file compression utility, but there are many third-partyutilities available as well.For security reasons you might need to encrypt your files. The EncryptingFile System (EFS) included with Microsoft Windows 2000 is based on public-keyencryption. Each file is encrypted using a randomly generated file encryptionkey. Each file has a unique file encryption key, making it safe to rename.If you move a file from an encrypted folder to an unencrypted folder on thesame drive, the file remains encrypted.
If you copy an unencrypted file intoan encrypted folder, the file remains unencrypted. You don't have todecrypt a file to open it and use it. EFS automatically detects an encryptedfile and locates a user's file encryption key from the system'skey store to open the file. Resources.PC-compatible desktop/tower computer systemCustomer supplied desktop/towerhardware system or Marcraft MC-8000 Computer Hardware Trainer or suitablePC hardware trainer with Windows 2000 installed.A blank 1.44MB floppy diskProcedureIn this lab you will create, back up, restore, compress, and encrypt a WordPadDocument. You will manage the resources on your computer, such as the diskdrive, to optimally use space and resolve issues revolving around resourceshortage.Disk Cleanup.Boot the computer into Windows 2000.Choose Start, Programs, Accessories, System Tools and select Disk Cleanup.When prompted to select the drive to clean up, select the C: drive andclick OK. You will see a window similar to calculating the space to clean up.Calculating cleanup space.After the calculation has completed, which may be time-consuming, recordthe entries in Files to Delete that have a check mark in.Select Recycle Bin and Temporary Files by clicking in the box to theleft of their respective icons.
A check mark will appear.Click the More Options tab. You will see two areas: Windows Componentsand Installed Programs.Click the Clean Up button under Windows Components. You will see a windowsimilar to. You can checkor uncheck items from this window to add or remove Windows Components.This window can also be accessed by clicking Control Panel, Add/RemovePrograms.Add/Remove Windows components.Click Cancel.Click OK to close the Disk Cleanup window for C.Confirm the Are You Sure question by clicking Yes. You will see a windowsimilar to.Cleaning up files.When the cleanup has completed close all windows.Create a file for backup.From the Windows 2000 desktop double-click on My Documents.Create a WordPad document by clicking File, New, WordPad Document.Type YourName as the name of the document.Close all windows.Backup.Choose Start, Accessories, System Tools and then select Backup fromthe System Tools menu. You will see the Welcome screen.Click the Backup tab.
You will see a window similar to. From this area you can select drives or folders to back upone of the media types.Select items to back up.In the left pane, click on System State to highlight it but do not placea check mark in the box next to it.Record the items that appear in the right-hand window pane in.Click the MY DOCUMENTS folder and put a check mark in the box next tothe icon. You will be able to do this backup on a floppy as long as theMY DOCUMENTS folder is small enough.Record the drive and filename of the backup (in the bottom left of thewindow) in.Insert a blank floppy into the floppy drive.Click the Start Backup button. You will see a window similar to.Backup job information.Enter your name for the Backup description.Enter your name for the label to identify the media if it is overwritten.Click the Start Backup button.
You will see a Backup Progress window.When it has completed, click Close.Close the Backup window.Delete a file.From the Windows 2000 desktop double-click the My Documents icon.Right-click on the document that you created earlier and select Delete.Confirm by clicking Yes.Close all windows.Restore the backup.Open the Windows Backup utility by choosing Start, Programs, Accessories,System Tools and then selecting Backup. You will see the Welcome screen.Click the Restore tab.In the right windowpane, double-click File to expand it.Expand the Backup with Your Name on it by double-clicking it.Place a check mark next to the C: drive to restore the files that werebacked up.Click the Start Restore button.Confirm Restoration by clicking OK. You will see a window similar to.Confirm Restoration dialog.Make sure the source file to back up has the correct filename and path,and click OK.After the restore has completed, click Close.Close all windows.Test the restoration.From the Windows 2000 desktop double-click on My Documents.Record your observations about the files in this folder in. NOTEThe remainder of this lab can be performed only if you havean NTFS partition on your hard disk.Compress a file.From the Windows 2000 desktop double-click on My Documents.Double-click on your WordPad document that was just restored.To add some size to the file, enter 10 lines of the character X withthe keyboard. (You can hold down the key for one line, and copy and pastethe rest.).Close the document.
When prompted, click Yes to save the changes.Right-click on the document and choose Properties.Record its Size on Disk in.Click the Advanced button. You will see a window similar to.The Advanced Attributes dialog.Select Compress Contents to Save Disk Space. Click OK.Click the Apply button.Record the new size on disk in.Encrypt a file.From the properties of the document click the Advanced button again.Select Encrypt Contents to Secure Data, which will turn the compressionoption off.Click OK to close the Advanced Attributes window.Click OK to close the File Properties window. You will see a windowsimilar to.The Encryption Warning dialog.Click the radio button next to Encrypt the File and the Parent Folderto select it and click OK.While the file is selected you will see Attributes: Encrypted in theright-hand portion of the My Documents window.Close all open windows, and shut down the computer.What Did I Just Learn?Maintaining storage devices and protecting data require additional skills.In this section, you examined ways to clean up drives, back up data, conservespace, and protect data. Each of these can be important aspects of managingstorage devices. In this section, you learned to.Use Disk Cleanup.Back up a file.Restore a backup.Compress a file.Encrypt a file.
RECOMMENDED:Most PC users allocate less than 25GB space to the system partition while. Extending your system drive (“C” drive)Follow one of the two methods given below to extend system drive in Windows 1o or Windows 8.1.IMPORTANT: We recommend you backup all data before beginning to extend the system partition and we are not responsible for any data loss that may occur during the process. We recommend you to an external drive before proceeding further.Method 1 Extending system partition using Windows Disk Management ToolWhile it’s possible to extend the system partition using Windows Disk Management tool, there must be some unallocated space right next to the system partition. If you don’t have some unallocated space next to the system drive, Windows will not show extend volume option even if you have enough free space on another partition.If you don’t have the required amount of unallocated space next to system partition in the partition table, follow the easy instructions provided in Method 2 to successfully extend your system drive.Step 1: Open Run dialog box by simultaneously pressing Windows and R keys.
Type Diskmgmt.msc in the box and then press Enter key to open Disk Management.Alternatively, you can right-click on the Start button and click Disk Management option to quickly launch it. Go through our guide to know all four ways to open Disk Management tool.Step 2: Once Disk Management is launched, check if you have unallocated space next to the system drive.
If you don’t have unallocated space, follow the steps in Method 2.If there is required amount of unallocated space, right-click on your system drive and click Extend Volume option to launch Extend Volume Wizard.Step 3: Click Next button to see the maximum disk space that can be added to your system partition.Type the amount disk space you would like to add to the system drive in the box next to Select the amount of space in MB, and then click Next button to extend the partition. That’s it!Method 2 Extending system partition using MiniTool Partition Wizard Home Edition (free)As you probably know, is the best free software out there to manage hard drives in Windows operating system. Even though it’s not as popular as some other similar tools, it’s definitely better than all other free partitioning tools out there.The main advantage of this tool over Windows Disk Management is that Partition Wizard lets you extend your system partition even if you don’t have unallocated space on the right of your system partition in the partition table. It lets you extend the system partition by taking required free space from a partition that has enough disk space.Step 1: software.
Disk Management System In Operating System
It’s completely free and supports both 32-bit and 64-bit systems.Run the setup file and then follow the simple on-screen instructions to install it on your PC.Step 2: Close all other programs and launch Partition Wizard software.
File And Disk Management In Operating System
UtilitiesThe uses called utilities which allow the user to manage the computer. There are many different utility programs and they may vary across operating systems. They are often accessed via a special menu or control panel in the OS. Maintenance utilitiesThese include:. Backup - This allows the user to restore the system to a previous state which is saved as a backup. This is only usually used if a system malfunctions.
Disk cleaner - The drive is divided into a number of clusters. The table of contents serves as an address book, keeping a record of each file and the clusters used to store that file. When a file is deleted, the address to the location on the disk is removed. Disk defragmentation - When files are deleted, unused clusters become available for reuse.
These can end up being distributed across a drive, especially if the original files were small. If a large file is then written to a drive, its data could be spread across different clusters leading to file fragmentation. Defragmentation involves rearranging the information on a disk so that files appear in continuous sequences of clusters.
This will improve file access times. Most modern operating systems run this process automatically. Formatting - Storage drives need to be formatted to be compatible with an OS. The OS usually formats storage media when it is connected to the computer.
It is often the case that a storage drive cannot be compatible with both and Mac.Security utilitiesThese include:. user accounts - allow the user to allocate specific users and protects personal files and programs from unauthorised access. can encrypt data when it is stored, or whenever it is transmitted over a network. anti-virus software - detects and blocks.
firewall - can be used to filter between trusted and untrusted networks and prevent programs from communicating through the use of.
Is the process of outlining the positions of the tracks and sectors on the hard disk, and writing the control structures that define where the tracks and sectors are. This is often called a 'true' formatting operation, because it really creates the physical format that defines where the data is stored on the disk. The first time that a low-level format ('LLF') is performed on a hard disk, the disk's platters start out empty.
That's the last time the platters will be empty for the life of the drive. If an LLF is done on a disk with data on it already, the data is permanently erased (save heroic data recovery measures which are sometimes possible). After low-level formatting is complete, we have a disk with tracks and sectors-but nothing written on them. High-level formatting is the process of writing the file system structures on the disk that let the disk be used for storing programs and data. If you are using DOS, for example, the DOS format command performs this work, writing such structures as the master boot record and file allocation tables to the disk.
High-level formatting is done after the hard disk has been partitioned, even if only one partition is to be used. (Kozierok, 2001).
Thus, disks using this standard table can have no more than four Primary partitions, or as we'll describe in the next section, up to three Primary partitions plus one Extended partition. These early partitioning tools (called FDISK; short for Fixed Disk) even for DOS versions 3.30 and later, were programmed to create only a single Primary partition; though it was possible for other non-DOS primary partitions to exist, then multiple logical drives would be created within a single Extended primary partition. Under NT-type operating systems, such as Windows XP, Disk Management will allow three Primary partitions to be created, before requiring an Extended partition for more logical drives. (Sedory 2007). Logical partitions are the partitions that are created in the extended partition area. A logical partition is a way to extend the initial limitation of four partitions. An extended partition can contain up to 24 logical partitions.Logical partitions are used for storing data mainly, they can be formatted and assigned drive letters; their details are listed in the extended partition’s table - EMBR (Extended Master Boot Record).Note that when using Dynamic disks these rules don't apply anymore.
A mounted drive is a drive that is mapped to an empty folder on a volume that uses the NTFS file system. Mounted drives function as any other drives, but they are assigned drive paths instead of drive letters. When you view a mounted drive in Windows Explorer, it appears as a drive icon in the path in which it is mounted. Because mounted drives are not subject to the 26-drive-letter limit for local drives and mapped network connections, use mounted drives when you want to gain access to more than 26 drives on your computer. For example, if you have a CD-ROM drive with the drive letter E, and an NTFS volume with the drive letter F, mount the CD-ROM drive as F:CD-ROM. You can then free the drive letter E, and gain access to your CD-ROM drive directly by using F:CD-ROM.You can also use mounted drives when you need additional storage space on a volume.
If you map a folder on that volume to another volume with available disk space (for example, 2 gigabytes), you extend the storage space of the volume by 2 gigabytes (GB). With mounted drives, you are not limited by the size of the volume in which the folder is created.Mounted drives make your data more accessible and give you the flexibility to manage data storage based on your work environment and system usage. These are additional examples by which you can use mounted drives:.
Disk Management In Operating System Ppt Galvin
To provide additional disk space for your temporary files, you can make the C:Temp folder a mounted drive. When space starts to run low on drive C, you can move the My Documents folder to another drive with more available disk space, and then mount it as C:My Documents.
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